人权本位方针及其在中国实现的宪法路径

A Human Rights-based Approach and its Constitutional Path to Realization in China

人权本位方针是联合国机构在20世纪90年代未为实现人权主流化而提出的一个概念和方法,深受阿马蒂亚·森的交换权利本位方法的概念及其发展经济学理论的影响。经过10多年的发展,这一概念和方法已趋于成熟。人权本位方针是一个以国际人权标准为规范基础,以促进和保护人权为实践导向的人类发展进程的概念框架,包含五个原则或目标：参与、责任、免受歧视、赋权和联系人权标准,对促进发展具有重要价值。我国政府应当采取多种宪法性举措,实现人权本位方针的发展。

A human rights-based approach is a concept and method proposed by entities of UN system at the end of 1990 to mainstream human rights,which is affected profoundly by the concept of exchanged entitlement and development economics of Amartya ？ Sen,and tends to become more mature after more than 10 years.A human rights-based approach is a conceptual framework for the process of human development that is normatively based on international human rights standards and operationally directed to promoting and protecting human rights,which includes five principles or targets： participation,accountability,equality and non-discrimination,and empowerment and linkage with human rights standard as well,which have significant values to promote development.China＇s government should adopt some constitutional measures to propel the development of human rightsbased approach.