当代女性诗歌的艺术精神

The Art Spirit of Contemporary Feminine Poetry

女性诗歌在各国都有自己的演化历程。中国女性诗歌的发展道路,较西方尤为复杂曲折。在父权为主的传统文化中,以哀悽闺怨为主题。父权意识松动,女性意识觉醒,女性诗歌对传统诗歌由＂依附＂转而在精神层面上做了＂背叛＂的尝试。到近现代,父权意识受到空前冲击,＂自主自强＂的女性奋起思想为20世纪女性文学崛起奠定了基石,经＂五四＂,女性诗歌开始走向独立。当代女性诗歌几近消除性别意识,为人而歌;王舒婷,女性诗歌开始真正自觉地创作;到王小妮等,又开始寻找自己的语言、建构自身的艺术精神,女性诗歌显出真正的纯净;经80年代中后期＂躯体文学＂、90年代＂语言文学＂,女性诗歌完成了以生命意义为主旨的艺术精神的构建——在整体上建起完全属于自己的＂为我而歌＂的当代艺术精神。今后则是要把女性诗歌与人类普遍价值取向和精神意义相融合,达到女性意识与女性诗歌艺术精神的进一步升华。

Feminine poetry undergoes its characteristic evolutionary history in different countries. Compared with that of the western world,the development course of China＇s feminine poetry is more circuitous.In a traditional culture where patriarchy prevailed,the motif of feminine poetry was pathos and boudoir repining.Along with the collapse of the patriarchal ideology,feminist consciousness awoke,resulting in an attempt of the feminine poetry to undergo a spiritual revolt against the traditional poetry on which it formerly depended.In the modern and contemporary society, the patriarchal ideology underwent an unprecedented shock,and the feminist ideology of selfreliance and self-improvement laid the foundation for the rising of the feminine literature in the 20th century.After the May 4th Movement,feminine poetry headed for independence.At the beginning of the contemporary society,gender consciousness almost disappeared in feminine poetry;it solely eulogized human beings.Starting from Wang Shuting,feminine poets began to write with a conscious mind.When it came to the age of Wang Xiaoni,they began to seek their own language and construct their unique artistic ideal.The poetry in this era exhibited purity in its real sense.In the latter half of the 1980s,along with the appearance of ＂Soma Literature＂ and ＂Language Literature＂, feminine poetry fulfilled the task of the construction of its artistic ideal,featuring the theme of the meaning of life,hence the establishment of a contemporary artistic ideal of ＂singing for oneself＂ which solely belonged to feminine poetry.In its future development,feminine poetry aims to integrate itself with the prevailing value orientation and spiritual significance,hence a further sublimation of the feminist consciousness and the feminine poetic art.