氧疗对高原地区施工人员血压、心率的影响

Efficacy of oxygen therapy on blood pressure and heart rates of contruction workers in plateau of different altitudes

目的观察高原施工人员氧疗前后血压、心率变化及其相关性。方法对海拔高度3000、3500、4000、4500、5000 m五个高度的施工人员进行氧疗,每次予以93%浓度面罩吸氧流量5～8 L/min,1 h/d;分别监测进入高原3、7、15、30、60d心率和血压变化,并与不吸氧组进行比较。结果吸氧组心率、血压低于未吸氧组,尤以上线7～15 d明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);吸氧组吸氧后血压变化符合高原性高血压的比率为5.4%。偏相关分析显示,海拔高度4000 m以上,心率与收缩压、舒张压、心率血压乘积均呈正相关关系,不吸氧组心率快、耗氧量大,低氧性增压反应明显(P<0.01)。结论施工人员进入高原早期予以氧疗可以减少高原低气压、低氧对机体心率、血压的影响。

Objective Oxygen,To observe the changes in blood pressure and heart rates before and after oxygen therapy in onstruction workers and their correlation with different altitudes.Methods Different altitude construction workers,in heights of elevation 3000 m,3500 m,4000 m,4500 m and 5000 m,200 ground and high-altitude construction workers each,inhaled 93% concentration oxygen mask flow of 5 L / min every 1 h,to monitor the heart rate and blood pressure changes on 3,7,15,30,60 d in the plateau.Before and after the oxygen therapy,their blood pressure,heart rate variability and its correlation were observed.Results After oxygen therapy,the heart rates and the blood pressure were significantly reduced with increasing altitude,most obviously 7-15 days after access to the plateau.The rate of changes in blood pressure changes after oxygen therapy in accordance with plateau hypertension was only 5.4%,with significant differences（P〈0.01）.Partial correlation analysis showed that in the oxygen group,heart rate and systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure and heart rate pressure product were positively correlated in the altitude of 4000 m or higher.In the group without oxygen therapy,the heart rate,oxygen consumption,the hypoxic pressor response,and blood pressure were higher.Conclusion High-altitude construction workers in the plateau receiving early oxygen therapy can reduce the impact of the plateau low atmospheric pressure and hypoxia on their heart rates and blood pressure.