海洛因依赖者心理健康在戒毒次数上的变化规律及其影响因素分析

The changing law and its influencing factor analysis of heroin addicts′ mental health in the rehabilitation of the times

目的探究强制隔离戒毒模式下不同性别海洛因依赖者的心理健康水平在戒毒次数上的变化规律,为不同性别戒毒者的心理干预提供依据。方法用自编一般情况调查表、90项症状清单(SCL-90)、艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)、特质应对方式问卷(TCSQ)和社会支持评定量表(SSRS)对386例海洛因依赖者进行测验。结果 (1)海洛因依赖者SCL-90各因子分显著高于常模(P<0.001)。(2)男性首次戒毒者SCL-90各因子得分较低,然后随着戒毒次数呈现高低交替的波动性变化,而女性戒毒者的心理健康状况相对平稳。(3)人格是影响男性戒毒者心理健康的主要因素,而对于女性戒毒者,人格、应对方式和年龄三种因素影响差别不明显。结论戒毒者心理健康水平较差,对男性戒毒者,要加强心理健康及其影响因素的监测,尤其要关注其人格改变。

Objective To investigate the heroin addicts＇ mental health change patterns in different genders according to times of drug detoxifieation under compulsory seclusion rehabilitation, and provide evidence for psychological intervention of heroin addicts of different genders. Methods Three hundred and eighty-six cases of heroin addicts were tested with self-designed general information questionnaire, Symptom Checklist 90 （SCL-90）, Eysenek Personality Questiommire （EPQ）, Trait Coping Style Questionnaire （TCSQ）, and Social Support Rating Scale （SSRS）. Results （1）All factor scores of SCL-90 in heroin addicts were. significantly higher than those of the norm （P 〈 0.001）. （2）All factor scores of SCL-90 were lower for the male drug addicts who received drug detoxification for the first time, and then presented alternative high and low volatility changes according to times of drug detoxification, while me, ntal health of female drug addicts was relatively stable. （3）Personality was major faetor, influencing the mental heahh of male addiets, and the difference were not obvious on the influences of personality, coping style and age for female addicts. Conclusion The mental health of heroin addicts is poor. The mental health of male addicts and its affecting factors should be monitored, especially their personality changes.