贵州城乡收入差距的演进及决定因素分析

Evolution and Influential Factors of the Urban-rural Income Gap in Guizhou

目前贵州的收入差距问题已经相当突出,成为学界和政界关注的焦点。基尼系数和泰尔系数的分解显示,贵州收入差距主要表现为城乡差距。基于贵州1978—2010年地市级数据的实证研究发现:生产要素初始分配不公和资本的稀缺性、城乡人均资本存量和人力资本的差距、以及不合理的制度安排,促进了贵州城乡收入差距的扩大;收入差距对贵州当期和中长期的经济增长有负面影响。推进市场化改革、提高教育水平以及改善财政支农效率等有助于缩小贵州的收入差距。

The income gap in Guizhou has been quite prominent,become the focus of attention in the academic and political. The decomposition of the Theil coefficient show,Guizhou urban-rural income gap is the main part. Based on 1978-2010 data empirical research found that：unfair to the initial allocation of factors of production,the scarcity of physic.al capital,the gap between urban and rural per capita capital stock and human capital investment, as well as the Irrational System arrangement, promote the expansion of the urban-rural income gap in Guizhou,income gap have a negative impact on Guizhou current and long-term economic growth. To promote market-oriented reforms, improve the level of education and the efficiency of financial support for agriculture ,contribute to narrowing the income gap in Guizhou.