以文明发展诠释幸福与幸福感

Interpretations of “Happiness” and “the Sense of Happiness”

古往今来思想贤哲种种有关"幸福"和"幸福感"的理论,可概括为"人本性"、"功利主义"、"边际效用"、"情感和认知"、"生活质量"五大视域的诠释;五大视域的诠释,既体现了古往今来的思想贤哲对"幸福"和"幸福感"锲而不舍的追求和探索精神,也表明了"幸福"和"幸福感"诠释由于遇到种种挑战而出现"抽象向具象"、"非量化向量化"、"主观向主客观统一"的"转向"。诠释"幸福"与"幸福感"的三大转向,其中蕴含着三大缺憾:揭示影响"幸福"与"幸福感"根本原因的缺憾,为大多数人带来幸福的制度缺憾,保障大多数人幸福的体制机制缺憾。为此,作者提出以"文明发展"来诠释"幸福"与"幸福感"。"文明发展"是奠定人民幸福的基石,以"文明发展"为基础的人民幸福是对中国特色社会主义制度的新实践、新探索,反映了对社会主义本质的实践和深化,以及对中国特色社会主义制度建设的探索。

The theories of “happiness” and “the sense of happiness” have been interpreted from five perspectives through the ages, namely, “people - centeredness”, “utilitarianism”, “marginal utility”, “emotion and cognition”, and “quality of life”. The above interpretations not only embody the thinkers＇ perseverant pursuit and explorations, but also the turns of “ab- straction to concreteness”, “non -quantification to quantification”, and “subjectiveness to the integration of objectiveness and subjectiveness” in view of the challenges of interpretations of “happiness”and “the sense of happiness”. The three turns imply three inadequacies： the inadequacy of the explanations of factors affecting“happiness” and “the sense of happiness” ; the inade- quacy of the system of bringing happiness to the most people ; the inadequacy of the guarantee mechanism of the happiness of most people. Therefore, the paper puts forward that “happiness” and “the sense of happiness” can be interpreted on the basis of “civ- ilization development”. The “civilization development” is the key to guaranteeing people＇s happiness, and people＇s happiness based on civilization development is an exploration of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, which reflects not only practices and furtherance of the essence of socialism, but also the explorations of the construction of the socialist system with Chi- nese characteristics.