制度变迁视角下的政府绩效管理

A Study on Governmental Performance Management from the Perspective of Institution Change Theory

文章基于对政治学领域存在的五种代表性绩效观的分析,借鉴历史制度主义视域下的制度变迁理论,对新中国成立后我国政府绩效管理制度的四个阶段的历史演变过程做了梳理,指出了新中国政府绩效制度变迁的三个发展趋势,概括出新中国绩效管理制度变迁的独特模式,即诱发性制度变迁与强制性制度变迁相统一、通过渐进式改革维持断续性平衡、"问题-政治-政策"之多元汇流,剖析了绩效管理制度变迁的六种动力学说和四种路径依赖,并对路径依赖之所以产生的三种效应,即成本担忧效应、制度协调效应与集体博弈效应进行了分析,最后提出了政府绩效管理改革的理论共识和操作建议。

Based on the five representative performance management theories in the field of political science and the per- spective of institutional change theory under the historical institutionalism, the paper reviews the history and development of the four different performance management systems of Chinese government since the establishment of People＇ s Republic of China, and summarizes the unique pattern of the change of performance management systems of Chinese government. The pattern shows three tendencies, firstly, an integration of induced institutional change and mandatory institutional change; secondly, a punctua- ted equilibrium sustained by the steady reform policy ; thirdly, the multi - combination of “issues - politics - policies”. Then, the six dynamic theories and the four theories of path dependence in the change of performance management systems are analyzed. The paper also expounds the reasons why there appear three effects in the very four theories of path dependence. Finally, in the light of the analysis concerning the very three effects, which are cost concerns effect, system coordination effect and collective game effect respectively, the paper puts forward the common theory and the operational proposal relating to the reform of perform- ance management svstems of Chinese government.