扭力轴台架实验断裂失效分析

Failure Analysis to Failure Torsion Bars

在对某厂扭力轴台架试验发生的断裂件失效分析中,发到轴的材料存在缩孔、疏松、有害元素富集及成分偏析等缺陷,造成材料的静强度特性及断裂韧性劣化;特别是当这些缺陷恰好处于轴表面或近表面时,使轴的实际强度及断裂韧性大为降低,导致早期失效。依据时效分析结果指出金属材料的微观缺陷对机械产品质量的严重影响,强调作好材料的各环节检测工作对于提高产品质量,特别是保证军工产品可靠性的重要性。

Six failure torsion bars have been studied. The defects such as shrinkage void, rarefaction, harmful element beneficiation and component aliquation were founded in the surface of failure bars. Those defects decrease the strength and fracture toughness of material. Especially, when they present in or nearly to the surface of bar, severe effects will emerge. The effects to the quality of mechanical products caused by the defects exist in materials were discussed, and the importance of detecting to defects of material for ensuring the reliability of product was emphasized.