基于OpenGL的仿人机器人步行仿真研究

Bipedal Walking Simulation System Using OpenGL for Humanoid Robot

已有的仿真建模中,为了减少复杂性,大多将人足模型简化为点或圆弧,这与实际情况相差较远。在C++Builder 6.0环境下利用"Open GL"图形库建立了3D仿人型机器人双足步行仿真系统,用多关节串联机构模拟足部,实现包括由前脚掌支撑、足部转动的多种步态方式,并分析步行中各种步态间的转换,根据机器人脚跟、脚尖与地面接触状态的变化动态切换不同的步态方式,符合人足步行的实际情况,增强了机器人步行的灵活性与拟人性。该系统的控制部分采用位置反馈与正弦驱动相结合的行走控制方法,通过对人足模型的多关节动力学建模,有效地实现了机器人的稳定步行仿真,并实现了步行过程中的实时步态调整。

Foot model is usually considered as one point or a circle in most bipedal walking simulations for decreasing the modeling difficulty. However, such simulations are less persuasive because the foot model is much different from the real human foot. The dynamic model of a bipedal humanoid robot composed by multi-links was set up by using a graphic presentation software ＂Open GL＂ under C＋＋ Builder 6.0 environment. Several different walking styles were analyzed that may exist in a walking sequence including the style of foot rotating with toes-contacting, to make the walking of the robot more like human beings. Switching among those styles depended on different contact situations between the foot and the ground. Control strategy for bipedal walking simulation utilized position feedback and sinusoidal input, and stable walking with dynamic walking styles changing was obtained in the simulation.