城乡社区高脂血症伴心血管危险因素的流行病学现状研究

Epidemiological Study of Hyperlipidemia with Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Urban and Rural Communities

目的探讨成都市高脂血症患病率及合并心血管危险因素的现状及城乡差异。方法 2010年3月-11月随机抽样选取城市和农村社区,采用问卷、体格检查和实验室检查共调查35～70岁人群2 032例,其中城市社区1 015例,农村社区1 017例。进一步调查其中高脂血症患者合并的主要心血管危险因素。结果①成都市城乡高脂血症患病率为23.53%(474/2 032)。城市高于农村,分别为27.88%(283/1 015)和18.78%(283/1 017);②城市高脂血症人群中合并高血压、糖尿病和冠心病均高于农村。高脂血症合并高血压人群最多,城乡分别是51.95%(147/283)和31.94%(61/191),其次是合并"糖尿病"和"冠心病"人群;③城市高脂血症患者合并高血压人群无论男女均高于农村,但城市男性合并糖尿病者高于农村,城市女性合并冠心病者高于农村;④城乡高脂血症患者在合并饮酒、脑卒中史、腹型肥胖和肥胖之间差异无统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论高血压、糖尿病和冠心病是城市高脂血症患者干预的重点危险因素。其中城市男性的糖尿病和城市女性冠心病干预更为重要。

Objective To investigate the status and differences in the prevalence of hyperlipidemia with cardiovascular risk factors between urban and rural areas in Chengdu city.Methods From March to November 2010,we randomly sampled and investigated 2032 patients between 35 to 70 years of age from urban and rural communities by using questionnaires survey,physical examination,and laboratory tests.Among the patients,1015 came from the urban area,while 1017 from the rural area.We further investigated the major cardiovascular risk factors for hyperlipidemic patients.Result The prevalence of hyperlipidemia in Chengdu area was 23.53%（474/2 032）,where the urban and rural area prevalence were 27.88%（283/1 015） and 18.78%（191/1 017）,respectively.In the urban area,the prevalence of hyperlipidemia accompanied with hypertension,diabetes,and coronary heart diseases was higher than that in the rural area,especially those with hypertension which had a rate of 51.95%（147/283） in the urban area,compared with 31.94%（61/191） in the rural area.The second highest rate occurred in patients accompanied with diabetes,and then followed by coronary heart disease.Urban area had a higher prevalence of accompanied hypertension than rural area,whether the patients were male or female.Urban male had a higher prevalence of accompanied diabetes,while urban female had a higher prevalence of accompanied coronary heart disease.There was no difference between rural and urban areas in the prevalence of hyperlipidemia accompanied with drinking,history of stroke,abdominal obesity,or obesity.Conclusions Hypertension,diabetes,and coronary heart diseases are the major intervention areas for urban hyperlipidemia patients.And it is more significant to carry out intervention for urban male with diabetes and urban female with coronary heart diseases.