肿瘤起始细胞及上皮-间质转化在肿瘤转移及耐药中的作用

Effect of Tumor Initiating Cells and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Tumor Metastasis and Drug Resistance

目的总结肿瘤起始细胞(tumor initiating Cells,TICs)和上皮-间质转化(epithelial-mesenchymal transition,EMT)及其在肿瘤转移和耐药中的研究现状。方法检索近年来国内外有关TICs和EMT及其与肿瘤转移和耐药关系的文献并做综述。结果 TICs是肿瘤细胞中一小群具有自我更新、高度增殖及多向分化能力的细胞,表达多种表面标志物,如CD133、CD44等,在肿瘤的侵袭、转移和耐药中起着重要的作用。EMT是肿瘤上皮细胞失去极性转变为间质细胞的一种现象,常见于胚胎发育及组织修复,能够促进肿瘤的侵袭、转移以及逃避宿主的免疫反应,EMT可能是TICs所致肿瘤转移和复发的根源。靶向TICs或EMT的治疗可能有效预防肿瘤的复发及改善患者的预后。结论 EMT是TICs致肿瘤转移及耐药的重要机理,对于TICs和EMT的研究可用于探索更有效的针对肿瘤的靶向治疗策略。

Objective To summarize the roles of tumor initiating cells（TICs） and epithelial-mesenchymal transition（EMT） in tumor metastasis and drug resistance.Methods Domestic and international publications online which involving TICs,EMT,and its roles in tumor metastasis and drug resistance in recent years were reviewed.Results TICs were self-renewal cells and had the ability to give rise to more differentiated cell types,and played an important role in tumor metastasis and drug resistance.Various markers had been used to identify TICs,such as CD133,CD44,and so on.EMT was the process by which epithelial cells losed polarity and detach from the epithelial sheet,and acquired a motile mesenchymal phenotype,usually observed in embryo development and wound healing.It also could promote tumor progression and metastasis,and may also be responsible for the ability of tumors to evade the body＇s immune response.EMT may be the reasons of TICs that drived tumor metastasis and recurrence.TICs or EMT as a target for treatments may effectively prevent tumor recurrence and improve patient＇s survival.Conclusions EMT is probably the mechanism that TICs promote tumor metastasis and drug resistance.More effective target therapies for cancer may be found if we know more about TICs and EMT.