法人化改革后日本国立大学财源的变化及影响

Financial Resources Changes of Japanese National Universities after the Corporate Reform

日本国立大学法人化改革第一个"六年中期计划(2004-2009年)"期间,其第一大财源——来自政府公共财政的运营费交付金逐年减少,而设施费补助金、大学自有资金及竞争性资金等三项收入都不同程度增加。笔者在分析法人化改革后日本各类型国立大学财源变化的基础上,重点探讨竞争性资金在各类型国立大学间的分布情况,并思考这种财源变化所带来的问题及影响。

In the period of the first six-year Mid-term Plan （2004-2009） of the corporate reform, as the first major financial resources of Japanese national universities, allocation of operation fund from the governmentpublic finance decreased year by year, however, other financial resources such as facility subsidies, university self-capital and competitive capital were increased in different degrees. Based on the analysis of financialresources changes after the corporate reform, this paper probes emphatically into the distribution of competitive capital in various types of Japanese national universities, and it points out problems caused by financial resourceschanges.