蒙特卡罗方法与计算机模拟研究

A brief introduction to the method of Monte Carlo computer simulation

蒙特卡罗方法是一类通过随机变量统计试验，随机模拟以求得问题近似解的方法。计算机模拟研究是蒙特卡罗方法的现代化，利用计算机模拟方法研究植物遗传育种的理论与实践问题不仅是可行的，而且是可靠的。利用计算机模拟研究植物遗传育种问题时需注意建立一个准确可靠的遗传模型，利用能产生周期长且统计性质优的伪随机数产生方法，以使模拟结果更加准确可靠。

Monte Carlo simulation is a method of random simulation, random sampling or statistical testing. By this way, a proximity results from an experiment that is too complicated to be carried out in practical could be gotten. Monte Carlo simulation can be extensively and effectively done with computer system. In order to simulate effectively, a suitable probability model should be built and a great deal of random sample should be done. Finally, the arithmetic mean as the proximity mean value and the variance or standard deviation of the statistical estimation value must be given. In this paper, an example of Monte Carlo computer simulation is showed.