永定河历史时期洪水特征及其成因分析

The Characteristics and Causes of Flood in Yongding River in Historical Period

永定河是北京的母亲河,但同时,永定河多灾多难、洪涝频发,历史上洪水曾多次进袭北京城.以过去2 000a来永定河的洪涝灾害为研究对象,通过野外考察、查找历史文献资料,并进行整理分析,了解永定河洪灾的时空分布特征,探究其规律、成因及产生的影响.研究表明区域地形、地质、气候气象、水文、人类活动等均会对洪灾的时空分布产生影响.2 000a来洪水频率阶段性增强,在气候转型阶段洪水频率较高.这些为永定河防洪抗灾提供了基础资料.

Yongding river is the mother river of Beijing,at the same time Yongding river has a lot of troubles such as floods.Floods had ever invaded into Beijing city for many times in historical period.The research object is Yongding river flood disaster in the past two thousand years.The purpose is to find out the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of floods in Yongding river and to explore their own rules,causes and impacts by collecting and analyzing historical literature materials.The study shows that regional terrain,geology,climate,meteorology,hydrology and human activities have impact on the temporal and spatial distribution of floods.Flood frequency has enhanced stage by stage in the past two thousand years and it is higher at climate transition stage.All of these can provide basic information for flood control of Yongding river.