托柄菝葜果色素提取及其性质研究

Extraction and characterization of pigments from Smilax discotis Warb. fruits

以民族药托柄菝葜的成熟果实为材料,对其红色素的提取条件及理化性质进行研究。结果表明,托柄菝葜果色素提取的最佳条件为:40%vol乙醇水溶液、浸提温度60℃、浸提时间1h。托柄菝葜果色素在自然光照下稳定,但添加金属离子的色素溶液对光不稳定;色素溶液在酸性环境中呈现鲜艳的橙红色,在中性及碱性环境中变为褐绿色。VC对托柄菝葜色素具有增色作用;柠檬酸、EDTA对色素无明显影响;亚硫酸钠、高锰酸钾及苯甲酸钠对色素具有减色作用。金属离子Ca2+、Mn2+、Zn2+、K+、Na+、Fe2+、Mg2+、Cu2+、Co2+、Al3+、Pb2+等离子能减弱托柄菝葜果色素对光的稳定性;Sn2+、Fe3+影响色素稳定性。

The pigments in Smilax discotis fruits were extracted by solvent extraction method and analyzed for their physico-chemical properties.The best extraction conditions were found as follows： 40% ethanol （V/V） as extraction solvent for lh extraction at 60℃. The pigments were stable to light and strongly acidic environments and had a different color in neutral and slightly alkaline environments. Their tolerance to NaSO3, sodium benzoate and KMnO4 was poor, EDTA and citric acid had no significant impact on them. Vc had hyperchromic effect on them and some metal ions such as Ca2t、Mn2＋.Zn2＋、K＋、Na＋、Fe2＋、Mg2＋,Cu2＋、Co2＋、Al3＋、Pb2＋had hypochromic effect. Moreover, Sn2＋ and Fe3＋ affected the stability of the pigments.