日本落叶松扦插生根期内源激素和营养物质及酚酸含量变化特征

Endogenous Hormones,Nutritive Material and Phenolic Acid Variation in Cuttings of Japanese Larch During Rooting

以生根能力差异较大的4个日本落叶松无性系为材料,对插穗生根过程中插穗内源激素含量和比值,以及总酚酸和营养物质含量的变化进行分析,以明确插穗不定根形成的主要内源性影响因素,为日本落叶松扦插繁殖技术提供理论依据。结果表明:(1)4个日本落叶松无性系扦插生根能力存在显著差异,‘日宽17-3-1’和‘日抚27-3-1’较易生根,其生根率达90%,而‘日草103-3-1’和‘日草82-4-3’难生根,其生根率低于20%。(2)在扦插生根过程中,插穗内源脱落酸(ABA)含量随扦插时间的延长而不断升高,并且较易生根和难生根无性系差异明显,与插穗的生根能力有较强的相关性;玉米素(Z)和总酚酸含量随扦插时间的延长而不断降低,并且对插穗生根具有明显的抑制作用;总氮含量表现出不断降低至逐渐稳定的趋势,但与插穗生根能力大小并无较强的相关性。(3)(IAA+Z)/ABA随扦插时间的延长而不断降低,且较易生根型小于难生根型。因此,在生产中以(IAA+Z)/ABA的比值和总酚酸含量大小可判断日本落叶松插穗的生根能力。

The relations among rooting traits and contents of endogenous hormone,total phenolic acid,nutrient substance of four elite Japanese larch（Larix kaempferi） clones were studied.The results showed that：（1）There were significant differences in the rooting ability of cuttings amongst different clones.＇Rikuan17-3-1＇ and ＇Rifu27-3-1＇ were easy rooting clones,which the rooting rate reached 90%.While ＇Ricao103-3-1＇ and ＇Ricao82-4-3＇ was difficult rooting clones,which the rooting rate was lower than 20%.（2）The content of ABA in cuttings was increasing with time prolonging,and significant differences had been found between difficult rooting clones and easy rooting clones,there was a strong correlation between ability and ABA content.The content of Z and total phenolic acid was decreasing with time prolonging,and had a negative influence on the rooting.The content of total nitrogen was decreasing until stabilization with the time prolonging,while no significant relations with rooting ability.（3）（IAA＋Z）/ABA was decreased with the time prolonging,and the rate in easy rooting clones was lower than that in difficult rooting clones.（IAA＋Z）/ABA and total phenolic acid may be used as a standard to express the rooting ability of Japanese larch.