miRNA在肾细胞癌分子分型、诊断、预后预测方面的研究进展及应用价值

Value of microRNAs in molecular typing,diagnosis,and prognosis prediction of renal cell carcinoma: recent progress

microRNA(miRNA)参与调节细胞生长的多个环节,包括细胞分化、增殖、凋亡及肿瘤发生、转移等。研究发现,miR-210、miR-32、miR-17-92 cluster等在肾细胞癌(RCC)组织中上调表达,miR-141、miR-200c等下调表达,其异常表达可能与细胞微环境及染色体缺失等有关;miR-155的过表达结合miR-141的下调表达可用于区分RCC肿瘤组织和非肿瘤组织;miR-203、miR-424的过表达用于区分透明细胞癌(ccRCC)和乳头状细胞癌(pRCC);miR-32过表达与ccRCC患者不良预后密切相关;miR-21、miR-106b等与RCC的浸润转移相关。深入探讨miRNA的调节作用机制、明确miRNA在RCC分子分型、早期诊断和预后预测中的价值具有重要临床意义。

microRNAs （miRNAs） are involved in a number of biological processes, including cell differentiation, apoptosis, tumorigenesis, and metastasis. A group of miRNAs including miR-210, miR-32, and miR-17 92 cluster are up- regulated in renal cell carcinoma （RCC） tissues, and others including miR-141 and miR-200c are down regulated. The mechanisms responsible for the aberrant expression might be related to cellular microenviroments and loss of chromosome. Upregulated miR-155 together with down-regulated miR-141 can be used for discriminating RCC from non-malignant renal tissues. miR-203 and miR-424 are over-expressed in clear cell RCC compared to papillary RCC. Over-expression of miR-32 is associated with poor outcome of ccRCC patients, miR-21 and miR-106b are involved in the process of RCC invasion and metastasis. It is of great clinical significance to understand the mechanism miRNA regulation and the roles of miRNAs in molecular typing, early diagnosis and prognosis prediction.