2010年泰州市高港区居民营养与健康状况监测分析

The nutrition and health status of residents in Gaogang district of Taizhou in 2010

目的了解泰州市高港区居民营养与健康状况。方法遵照2010年《中国居民营养与健康状况监测工作手册》方法执行,调查包括询问调查、医学体检、实验室检测和膳食调查等。SPSS 17.0软件进行统计分析,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果当地居民谷薯类、畜禽肉类消费量基本达到《中国居民膳食指南》的要求,每标准人日分别为318.6和75.5g;奶类、水果摄入严重不足,每标准人日仅为15.1、15.9g;油脂和盐消费过多,每标准人日为55.2、10.9g。能量食物来源构成中,谷类食物仅占45.9%,脂肪供能比高达38.5%。人群贫血患病率为15.7%,男、女性贫血患病率分别为10.7%和19.3%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=14.18,P<0.05)。人群超重率为33.2%,肥胖率为5.6%。≥15岁人群高血压患病率为31.7%,男、女性高血压患病率分别为38.7%和25.9%,两者比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=18.62,P<0.05);≥18岁人群糖尿病患病率10.8%,男、女性糖尿病患病率分别为12.4%和9.7%,差异无统计学意义;高胆固醇血症、高甘油三酯血症、低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症患病率依次为13.1%、23.4%、7.4%,男、女性血脂异常率分别为35.4%和27.7%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.57,P<0.05)。结论当地居民膳食结构有所改善但不尽合理;基本营养素摄入基本得到满足,但某些营养素依然缺乏;营养相关慢性非传染性疾病(NCD)患病率呈上升趋势,NCD将是本地居民面临的重要公共卫生问题。

Objective To assess the nutrition and health status of residents in Gaogang district of Taizhou.Methods The survey was conducted according to the handbook of Chinese National Nutrition and Health Survey in 2010 which included questionnaire,interview,physical examination,laboratory testing and dietary investigation.Results The meat and cereal consumption of local residents basically reached the requirement of Chinese dietary guideline,which were 318.6 and 75.5gram per person each day.However,the daily intake of milk and fruits were only 15.1 and 15.9 gram per person,which were obviously inadequate,while the consumption of oil and salt were both excessive(55.2 g and 10.9 g).45.9% of total energy came from grain product and 38.5% from lipid.The survey also found that the overall prevalence of anemia was 15.7 % with 10.7% of males and 19.3% of females(χ2 =14.18,P<0.05);33.2% and 5.6% of population was overweight and obesity,respectively.The prevalence of hypertension was 31.7 % among residents aged 15 years and over with 38.7% of males and 25.9% of females(χ2 =18.62,P<0.05).The incidence of diabetes,hypercholesteremia,hypertriglyceridemia,or low serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol were 10.8 %,13.1%,23.4 % and 7.4 % respectively among adults.Conclusions Eventhough the dietary structure of local residents has been improved,and it is still not very much reasonable.The average daily intake of basic nutrients per reference person was adequate,but some nutrients were still deficient.The increase of the incidence of nutrition-related noncommunicable diseases(NCD) is an important public health problem.