美沙酮维持治疗门诊服药人员的不安全性行为及其相关因素

Unsafe sexual behaviors and associated factors among clients attending methadone maintenance treatment clinics

目的了解目前美沙酮维持治疗(MMT)门诊服药人员的不安全性行为状况及相关因素。方法在重庆、广东、江苏三省(直辖市)6个MMT门诊,选取符合条件的服药人员进行问卷调查及尿液检测,收集研究对象的一般情况、性行为状况、美沙酮服药情况及多药滥用信息。结果共调查1 202人,平均年龄(39.7±6.8)岁;其中男性占75.7%(910人),平均吸食海洛因年限(15.6±4.8)年。758人(63.1%)过去6个月有过性行为,其中10.2%(77/758)存在不安全性行为。男性、未婚单身/离异丧偶、与家人关系差、存在药物滥用、HIV阳性与不安全性行为的发生存在正向的统计学关联(P<0.05)。结论不安全性行为普遍存在于所调查的MMT门诊服药人员中,针对服药人员不安全性行为的健康教育和行为干预需要进一步加强。

Objective To understand the unsafe sexual behaviors among heroin addicts attending methadone maintenance treatment （MMT） clinics and to analyze the associated factors. Methods A total of 1 202 clients from 6 MMT clinics from Chongqing, Guangdong and Jiangsu were included in the study. The information of social demographics, sexual behaviors, multi drug use-related behaviors was collected by a questionnaire survey and urine samples were tested to identify if heroin or methamphetamine or ecstasy or benzodiazepine or buprenorphine had been used. Results The average age of the 1 202 clients was （39.7±6.8） years. Among them, 75.70//00 were males, the average year of using heroin was （15.6±4.8）years. Among all the participants, 758 （63.1 %） had sexual behavior in the last 6 months, and 10.2% （77/758） had unsafe sexual behavior. In males, who were unmarried, divorced or widowed, or had a bad relationship with their families, or used multi drugs, HIV positive status was positively correlated with unsafe sexual behavior （P〈0.05）. Conclusion The clients of MMT also have a high percentage of unsafe sexual behavior. Health education and behavioral intervention aiming to reduce unsafe sexual behavior among MMT clients should be enhanced.