“被”的构句机制及情景语义分析

An Analysis of Mechanism and Contextual Semantic of “Bei”

汉语使用"被"构句,主要是为了凸显句末焦点,受事移到动词前,"被"起到区分语义角色的作用。在"遭受"、"不企望"语义背景及标记理论和情景语义学的理论、方法的分析框架下,"被"为标记句式的情景语义可分为八大类型:遭受义、失去义、受损义、致使义、获得义、处置义、客观陈述义、嘲讽义。

In order to highlight the focus at the end of the sentence,moving the object of the action in a sentence to a position before the verb,＂bei＂ in Chinese functions to distinguish semantic roles.Under the semantic background of ＂suffering＂ and ＂not looking forward to＂,and from the perspective of markedness theory and situational semantics,the situational semantics of ＂bei＂ are divided into eight types： suffering,losing,damaging,causing,achieving,disposing,objective statement and taunt.