太平天国与民间慈善组织

Taiping Heavenly Kingdom and Non-governmental Charity Organizations

太平天国作为新兴政权,从未放弃对重建正常社会秩序主导权的争取。在主要占领城市,太平天国政府相继建立起各类独具特色的救济组织,打破过去"官督民办"的模式,独揽城市"慈善"事业。太平天国时期民间慈善事业发展滞缓的原因,不能以"战乱"一言以蔽之,还要注意到民间慈善组织与太平天国社会组织制度的冲突、"战乱"造成的"社会失控"等因素。社会组织制度的弊病、"社会失控"是造成太平天国覆亡的重要原因。

As an emerging regime,the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom never stopped fighting for the dominant right for reconstructing normal social order.They established all kinds of unique charity organizations in succession in major occupied cities and broke the mode that it was supervised by officers and run by the local people and monopolized the charity business of the city.The reasons why the private philanthropy developed slowly could not merely be chaos caused by war.However it had something to do with the conflict between the non-governmental charity organization and the social organized system of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom,out-of-control society and so on.These elements were also the main reasons why the Taiping rebellion failed.