驻京部队住院肺结核流行特征调查

Survey of epidemic characteristic of hospitalized pulmonary tuberculosis soldier cases in Beijing

目的调查驻京部队住院肺结核病变化特点,为部队结核病防治工作提供依据。方法对1972-2010年驻京部队住院肺结核病例进行抽样调查,每4～5年抽查1年,调查住院肺结核流行特征。结果调查驻京部队住院肺结核1 647例,男性占87.7%～95.0%,干部占24.8%～39.4%,战士占51.6%～75.2%,职工占0.0%～13.3%,平均发病年龄为27.0～30.9岁;平均住院天数由1972年的196.8d下降为2010年的27.4d,浸润型肺结核无明显变化,血行播散型肺结核、原发型肺结核与慢性纤维空洞型肺结核均下降为0.0%。结核性胸膜炎上升100.0%;病人入院时病灶范围≤5/6、6/6均下降为0.0%;肺结核空洞发生率下降77.5%,痰涂片检查抗酸杆菌阳性率下降79.2%;新发肺结核治愈率由85.0%提高到98.5%。5年复发率由7.5%降至1.2%。结论驻京部队实施的现代结核病防治技术获取了较为明显的控制效果。

Objective To explore the change characteristic of hospitalized pulmonary tuberculosis cases from troops in Beijing and provide guidance for control and prevention of TB in army. Methods To survey on hospitalized pulmonary tuberculosis eases from troops in Beijing every 4 ~ 5 years from 1972 to 2010. Results Among 1 647 eases 87.7% - 95.0% were males. Of all cases, cadres account for 24.8% ~ 39.4%, soldiers and workers account for 51.6% ~ 75.2% and 0.0% ~ 13.3% respectively. The average age was 27.0 ~ 30.9 years old. The average length of stay in hospital reduced from 196.8d in 1972 to 27.4d in 2010. There were no significant difference in the incidence rate of Infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis. The incidence rates of disseminate pulmonary tuberculosis, primary pulmonary tuberculosis and chronic cavity pulmonary tuberculosis were decreased to 0.0%. Tuberculosis pleural increased to 100.0%. The number of cases with Lesions of 5/6 and 6/ 6 decreased to 85.7%and 100% respectively; pulmonary cavity incidence rate and sputum smear positive rate decreased to 77.5% and 79.2% when patients consulted at hospital. The cure rate increased from 85.0% to 98.5%, and the relapse rate in 5 years decreased from 7.5% to 1.2% .Conclusion The modem prevention and treatment measures of TB achieved obvious control effect in troops in Beijing.