人力资本视角下大学生就业竞争力的培育

On Cultivation of the Undergraduates' Employment Competitiveness from the Perspective of Human Capital

大学生是当今社会科技创新的一支重要的生力军。大学生的人力资本状况不但决定和影响到大学生的就业竞争力,也直接影响到未来我国能否成为科技创新的大国。大学生就业竞争力包含大学生的专业能力、创新能力、团队合作能力、沟通能力与适应能力等5种核心能力。要实现5种核心能力的提升,必须创新教育理念,建设一支富于创新力的师资队伍,设置合理的课程体系,完善、优化学生知识结构,推进教学方法和考核方式改革,强化大学生实践教学的制度化建设,建构由高校、政府、社会构成的多元一体化人才培养平台,为大学生就业提供常态化的全程指导服务。

The undergraduates are important forces that have played significant role in the innovation of science and technology. The undergraduates＇ human capital has decisive influence not only on whether their employment competitiveness is strong or not, but also on whether China will become a powerful country that is able to dominate the scientific and technological innovation in the world or not. The undergraduates＇ employment competitiveness is embodied in the five core competencies such as professional competence, innova- tion, teamwork, communication skills and the adaptive ability. In or- der to enhance the undergraduates＇ employment competitiveness, some action has to be taken. For example, educational philosophy has to be innovated; innovative teaching staff should be established and guaranteed; a reasonable curriculum system has to be designed to improve and optimize the structure of students＇ knowledge body; the teaching methods and assessment methods should be reformed; the undergraduates＇ academic practice should be strengthened in an in- stitutionalized and systematic way. Besides these, a three-in-one co- operative personnel training model and system, into which the uni- versities, the government, the whole society including variety of social agencies or organizations are integrated, should be constructed, and normalized employment service for the undergraduates should be guaranteed in a routinized way throughout the four-year study at uni- versity. Only in these ways, can the undergraduates＇ employment competitiveness be cultivated and greatly improved.