涝渍胁迫处理对甘蔗开花的影响

Waterlogging Stress of Sugarcane on the Impact of Flowering

为提高甘蔗杂交育种效率,促进迟、难开花甘蔗品种(系)提早开花,本研究选取12个甘蔗重要迟难开花优良亲本于2009～2012年3个年度分5个时段进行涝渍胁迫处理,分析其对甘蔗开花的影响。结果表明:在5个时段内通过涝渍胁迫处理对提早甘蔗开花、提高甘蔗抽穗率和延长花期等效果显著,但品种间存在一定差异。在时段Ⅴ中ROC22的抽穗率1.67%提高到38.81%,ROC16的抽穗率从1.59%提高到22.67%,效果最佳。涝渍胁迫处理后,抽穗率高的品种(系)抽穗率提高幅度小于抽穗率低的品种(系),宿根甘蔗的抽穗率高于新植甘蔗。在5个时段涝渍胁迫处理下,大部分材料的始花期都得到了显著提前,花期提早7～18天。

In order to improve efficiency of sugarcane crossbreeding and to accelerate late-flowering sugarcane blossom out early, 12 late-flowering sugarcane varieties were selected in this study. They were put under waterlogging stress in 5 periods of time from 2009 to 2012. The result show that： effect ofwaterlogging stress on advancing sugarcane flowering, improving earing rate of sugarcane and extending the florescence of sugarcane was significant, but there was difference among varieties. In the time period V, earing rate of ROC22 enhanced from 1.67% to 38.81%, and earing rate of ROC16 enhanced from 1.59% to 22.67%, the effect was topgallant. Under waterlogging stress, elevated range of shy-flowering sugarcane＇s earing rate was smaller than that of easy-flowering sugarcane, and the earing rate of ratoon sugarcane was higher than that of new planting sugarcane. Under warteilogging stress in 5 time periods, initial time of flowering of most varieties advanced significantly, there was a 7-18 days ahead of usual time.