我国环境侵权专门立法构想

Specific Legislation Conception of Chinese Environmental Tort

我国环境侵权规范分散于相关立法,存在体系性不足和制度性缺陷等问题,因此,必须出台环境侵权专门立法。在构成要件方面,必须构建环境侵权二元规则,即人身损害适用无过错责任,财产损失适用过错推定责任;在责任承担方面,故意违法排污应当引入惩罚性赔偿。《侵权责任法》第67条适用于环境共同侵权内部责任份额的确定。环境侵权专门立法应当规定环境公益诉讼。

Chinese environmental tort regulations are dispersed in the relevant legislation,unsystematic and have institutional defects,so it is necessary to formulate environmental tort specific legislation.The duality rules of environment infringement should be established,that is the personal injury applying to no-fault liability,property damage applying to presumption fault liability.Punitive damages should be applicable to deliberately illegal sewage.＂Tort Liability Act＂ Section 67 applies to the determination of internal share of responsibility of the environmental joint tort.The environmental tort special legislation should refine environmental public interest litigation.