生均教育经费:义务教育均衡发展核心指标及其修正

Amending theCore Indicator of Balanced Development of Compulsory Education: Based on the Perspective of PerStudent Education Funding

关于如何衡量并监测义务教育均衡发展水平,已有的研究大致可分为三类:完全评价、问题取向、单一指标。但是,无论在指标的选取还是在指标的处理方面,上述指标体系均存在着一定的缺陷。以修正后的生均教育经费作为核心指标,不仅有助于克服前述不足,而且符合以投入均衡为主要内涵的义务教育均衡发展改革的现实需要。对生均教育经费的修正包括保证统计口径的一致性,引入地区价格差异因素,考虑通货膨胀因素,综合主观满意度指标,等等。

The existing researches on how to measure and monitor the balanced development of compulsory education can be broadly divided into three categories： full evaluation, problem-oriented, and single indicator. However, both the selection of indicators and the processing of indicators still existed some defects. If we choose the amended per student education funding as a core set of indicators, it would not only help to overcome the aforementioned defects but also meet the practical needs,since the equal input is the key of the balanced development of compulsory education reform. The amendment of the per student education funding includes ensuring the consistency of the statistical standards, admitting the factors of regional price differences and inflation, and recruiting the indicator of subjective satisfaction etc.