论侵权法中的价值平衡思想——权利保护与行为自由的平衡

Study on the Ideology of Values-balancing in Tort Law——Balancing between Right Protection and Action Freedom

权利保护与行为自由是侵权法中的基本矛盾,也是侵权法的二元价值目标。侵权法中的归责原则、因果关系、惩罚性赔偿等制度均体现了权利保护与行为自由的平衡思想。我国《侵权责任法》在总体上也体现了这一平衡思想,但由于负担了超出其功能范围的社会救济职能,其在个别制度的设计上仍有违权利保护与行为自由的平衡精神。

Right protection and action freedom forms the essential conflict in tort law,and they are basic values of tort law.The doctrine of liability fixation,causal relationship,punitive damages and etc systems embodied such a balancing spirit.The Tort Liability Law of PRC displayed such a spirit as a whole.However,for the Tort Liability Law of PRC burdened too much social remedy functions,several systems in that law violated the balancing spirit.