个体主义方法论和我国法人制度

Individualism Methodology and China's Legal System

私法自治是民法的理念,决定了民法理论体系的构建和制度生成。民法的理念决定了民法理论体系的立场是个人主义。私法中所坚持的是个人主义立场,因此决定了个体主义方法论是民法的基本研究方法。自然人与法人是最重要的民事主体类型,是民事主体制度的重要内容。法人是一个组织,但其行为需要由法人机关实施,因此如何合理设计法人法律制度,促使法人内部团体意志有效形成并通过法人机关实现,与第三人实施法律行为参与法律交往,实现法人的利益,同时能够有效约束法人机关,防止其利用代表权谋取私利损害法人的利益,对促进民法体系的完善与成熟,意义重大。本文从个体主义方法论的视角对我国《民法通则》中有关法人人格、法人分类、法人机关等法律制度进行评析并提出完善建议。

the autonomy of private law is the idea of civil law,decided theory of civil law system construction and system creation.The ideas of civil law of civil law theory system determines the position of individualism.Private law which is to adhere to individualism stand,thus determines the individualism methodology of civil law is the basic research methods.The natural person and legal person is the most important civil main body type,is the important content of the civil subject system.Legal person is an organization,but its behavior required by legal organs to implement,so how to design the legal system,promote corporate internal groups form and meaning through the legal person organization,and third law enforcement behavior involved in legal communication,to realize legal interests,at the same time can effectively restrain legal organs,preventing its use for representing trickery private corporate damage interests,to promote the civil law system perfect and mature,sense is great.This article attempts from the individualism methodology in the background of China＇s ＂general principles of civil law＂ in the legal personality of corporation legal person organization,classification,legal systems of China and puts forward some improvement suggestions.