155份玉米自交系的类群鉴定和主成分分析

Principal Component Analysis and Group Identification of 155 Maize Inbred Lines

测定了155份玉米自交系的播种至出苗天数、出苗至抽雄天数、出苗至散粉天数、出苗至吐丝天数、株高、穗位高、穗长、穗粗、穗行数、行粒数、轴粗、千粒重、叶片数、雄穗分枝数14个性状指标,并对其性状值进行了主成分分析和聚类分析。结果表明:生育期、大穗、穗粒数、株高、散粉、环境、千粒重为玉米的7个主成分,每个主成分都比较客观地反映所控制的各性状之间的相互关系,这7个主成分对变异的累计贡献率达85.57%。聚类分析结果表明,当阈值为4.16时,将供试材料划分为5个类群:类群1含有15个品种,占9.7%,属早熟类群;类群2含有28个品种,占18.1%,属黄改系类群;类群3有31个品种,占20%,属先玉335选系类群;类群4有61个品种,占39.4%,属改良Reid类群;类群5有20个品种,占12.9%,属Lancaster类群。

This study utilizd the methods of principal component analysis and cluster analysis to analyze the 14 properties（days from sowing to emergence,from emergence to tasseling and from emergence to shedding and from emergence to silking,plant height,ear height,ear length,ear diameter,rows per ear,kernels per row,shaft diameter,1 000-grain weight,leaf number,tassel branch number） of 155 maizeinbred lines.The result showed that seven factors related to growth period,big ear,kernels per ear,plant height,loose powder,environment,and 1 000-grain weight were principal components.The seven principal components accounted for 85.57% of total variations,and could reflect the information of all properties.When the threshold value was 4.16,the tested materials were divided into 5 groups.Group 1 contained 15 varieties,accounting for 9.7%;Group 2 contained 28 varieties,accounting for 18.1%;Group 3 contained 31 varieties,accounting for 20%;Group 4 contained 61 varieties,accounting for 39.4%;Groups 5 contained 20 varieties,accounting for 12.9%.