毕节烟区烤烟化学成分、感官质量及其相关性研究

Study on the Primary Chemical Components,Sensory Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco and their Correlativity in Bijie

为客观评价毕节地区烤烟的化学成分、感官质量及其相关性,对其8个产烟县市(织金县、黔西县、纳雍县、金沙县、赫章县、大方县、毕节市、威宁县)共计339个烤后烟叶样品进行了分析。结果表明:毕节地区烟叶的烟碱、总氮、淀粉含量适宜,分别为0.95%～4.81%、1.34%～2.87%、2.81%～6.06%;还原糖、总糖含量偏高,分别为13.62～32.60%、18.16%～40.81%;钾、氯、蛋白质含量偏低,分别为0.76%～2.52%、0.08%～0.54%、5.31%～8.26%;化学成分变异较大,其中烟碱、氯的变异系数分别为25.51%、29.28%。协调性得分以金沙县最高(89.28分),威宁县最低(81.15分),产区间表现为金沙县>大方县>毕节市>黔西县>纳雍县>织金县>赫章县>威宁县。总糖、还原糖含量与评吸得分呈极显著正相关,烟碱、总氮、蛋白质含量与评吸得分呈极显著负相关。整体来讲,毕节地区烤烟化学成分协调性得分(85.54分)、感官质量得分(75.65分)均较高。

To study the the primary chemical components and sensory quality of flue-cured tobacco as well as their correlativity in Bijie region,339 samples from eight tobacco growing counties of Zhijin county,Qianxi county,Nayong county,Jinsha county,Hezhang county,Dafang county,Bijie city and Weining county were analyzed.The results indicated that the contents of nicotine,total nitrogen and starch were suitable（0.95%-4.81%,1.34%-2.87% and 2.81%-6.06%）,while reducing sugar and total sugar were slightly higher（13.62%-32.60% and 18.16%-40.81%） and potassium,chlorine and the protein were slightly lower（0.76%-2.52%,0.08%-0.54% and 5.31%-8.26%）;their chemical components changed greatly,especially nicotine and chlorine whose coefficients of variation were 25.51% and 29.28%,respectively.The harmony scores of different counties follow the order：Jinsha county（89.28）Dafang countyBijie countyQianxi countyNayong countyZhijin countyHezhang countyWeining county（81.15）.There was a significant positively correlation between the sensory quality scores and the content of reducing sugar and total sugar,as well as a significant negative correlation between the sensory quality scores and the content of nicotine,total nitrogen and protein.In summary,the evaluation of flue-cured tobacco in Bijie region was fairly good judged from the harmony score（85.54） and the sensory quality scores（75.65）.