豫南水耕地土壤肥力评价及其与水稻产量相关分析

Fertility Evaluation of Arable Paddy Soil and Its Correlation with Rice Yield in South Henan Province

以河南省南部潢川县伞陂镇为例,选取土壤全P、速效P、速效K、缓效K、有机质、pH值、全N、质地、阳离子交换量(CEC)与容重10个土壤肥力因子作为水耕地肥力评价因子,利用层次分析法进行土壤肥力评价,运用ENVI 4.5提取该镇耕地信息,利用ArcGIS 9.3地统计分析模块生成水耕地土壤评价图。对各项土壤肥力因子与当地代表性作物水稻产量数据进行相关和多元逐步回归分析,评估水稻产量和土壤肥力因子之间的关系,并验证肥力评价的结果。结果表明:研究区水耕地土壤肥力优等级占全镇面积17.39%,中等级占70.86%,差等级占11.75%;速效P,速效K,有机质,缓效K,全P等评价单因子以及综合评价分值与水稻产量都具有较高的正相关性,显示土壤肥力评价因子的选取和评价结果具有较高的科学性与可信度。

Based on the soil samples collected in Sanpi town,Huangchuan county in south Henan province,some soil properties including total P,available P,available K,slowly available K,organic matter,pH value,total N,texture,cation exchange capacity and bulk density were selected as indicators to evaluate the paddy soil fertility using the method of AHP together with ENVI 4.5 and ArcGIS 9.3 tools.The correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis of soil evaluation factors and rice yield were conducted to verify the relationship of rice yield and soil properties.Results showed that the area of medium class soil was the largest accounting for 70.86%,the good 17.39% while the poor 11.75%.Some factors such as total P,available P,available K,organic matter and slowly available K were highly correlated to the rice yield,showing the good confidence of these factors and the evaluation results.