不同施肥措施对稻田土壤氮矿化的影响

Effects of Different Fertilization Practices on Nitrogen Mineralization of Paddy Soils

采集田间通过不同施肥处理的水稻土为研究对象,在室内采用淹水培养方法,研究不同施肥措施对水稻土氮矿化的影响。结果表明:与不施肥处理相比,施加氮肥和饼肥能提高土壤的氮矿化能力;与常规施氮处理相比,采用新型施肥措施,氮肥+木质素、一次施用的水稻缓释肥、氮肥+有机碳源均降低土壤的氮矿化作用,其中氮肥+有机碳源处理与常规施氮处理相比,土壤全氮增加了16.7%,但淹水培养期间土壤的氮矿化量却减少了18.5%,这一结果说明,采用这些新型施肥措施有利于增加土壤对氮的固持,降低氮素向环境损失的风险。

Paddy soils from different fertilization treatments in the field experiment were collected to study the effects of different fertilization practices on soil nitrogen mineralization by using water-logged incubation method.The results showed that compared with control（no chemical nitrogen application）,soil nitrogen mineralization capacity was promoted by either application of chemical nitrogen fertilizer or organic fertilizer.New fertilization practices which included applying the mixture of lignin and nitrogen fertilizer,slow-release fertilizer specific for rice,the mixture of organic carbon compounds and nitrogen fertilizer decreased the capacity of soil nitrogen mineralization.The application of the mixture of organic carbon compounds and nitrogen fertilizer reduced the amount of mineralized nitrogen by 18.5% during the water-logged incubation,while the total nitrogen of soil was increased by 16.7% compared with the treatment of local nitrogen application.These results suggest that the new fertilization practices are beneficial to increase nitrogen immobilization in the paddy soils thus can reduce the risk of nitrogen loss to the environment.