不同冲击压力脑损伤大鼠神经功能评分差异性与病理学特征的关系

The relationship between the pathological changes and neuronal function score of graded fluid percussion brain injury in rats

目的 观察不同冲击压力液压冲击脑损伤大鼠神经功能评分差异性,探讨与病理学变化的关系及其临床意义.方法 采用0.1,0.2,0.3 NPa三种不同打击压力,制作不同冲击压力大鼠液压冲击脑损伤模型,观察生命体征变化、比较死亡率,观察造模后1h、6h、12h、24h、3d、7d时神经功能评分和脑水含量,比较其组织学演变趋势.结果 应用0.1MPa冲击,动物出现一过性呼吸减弱,死亡率2.08％,神经功能评分最低降至（7.17±0.75）分,但恢复较快,脑含水量最高达（81.12±0.03）％,脑损伤仅累及冲击伤处脑皮层的浅层;应用0.2MPa冲击,动物呼吸暂停时间（10.88±2.69）s,死亡率4.17％,神经功能评分最低降至（4.83±0.75）分,脑水含量最高达（82.74±1.11）％,脑损伤深达海马结构;应用0.3MPa冲击,大鼠呼吸暂停时间（20.60±3.02）s,死亡率16.67％,神经功能评分最低降至（2.67±0.52）分,而且恢复较慢,脑水含量最高达（83.89±0.04）％,脑损伤深达海马下结构、脑干.结论 轻、中、重三种不同冲击压力液压脑损伤大鼠神经功能评分依次降低,与其病理学的严重程度呈正相关.

Objective To observe the relationship between neuronal function score and pathological changes of fluid percussion brain injury in rats and to explore their clinical significances.Methods The fluid percussion models of brain injury in rats were established by using the improved device with three kinds impact pressure such as 0.1 MPa,0.2 MPa,0.3 MPa,and vital signs and mortality rate were observed.Behavior changes,brain water content,histological changes were observed by Shapira and Wahld method,dry-wet measure,light microscopy at 1 h,6 h,12 h,24 h,3 d and 7 d after operation respectively.Results The animals accepted impact pressure of 0.1 MPa showed temporary hypopnea with mortality rate of 2.08%,those of 0.2 MPa suffered apnoea of （ 10.88 ±2.69 ） s with mortality rate of 4.17% and those of 0.3 MPa suffered apnoea of （ 20.60 ± 3.02 ） s with mortality rate of 16.67%.As the impact pressure increased,nervous function score minimumly decreased to （7.17 ±0.75） of 0.1 MPa group,（4.83 ± 0.75 ） of 0.2 MPa group and （2.67 ± 0.52） of 0.3 MPa group respectively,and recovered more slowly.Brain water content maximumly reached to （81.12 ± 0.03 ）%,（82.74 ± 1.11 ）% and （83.89± 0.04） % at time point of 24 h respectively.The brain injury was involved in the outer layer of cerebral cortex,hippocampal formation and brain stem respectively and histological observation verified above findings.Conclusion Light,moderate and heavy fluid percussion brain injury in rats have more and more low nervous function scores,which have positive relationship with more and more serious pathological changes.