重庆大轰炸中的日本国家责任——从大轰炸受害平民对日索赔的角度分析

Japan's National Responsibility in The Bombing of Chongqing

上个世纪的"东京审判",确定了日本在侵华战争中作为发动战争的当事国,其政府对中国国家及其国民负有赔偿责任。从习惯国际法的角度审视,重庆大轰炸作为日本侵华战争中的一次军事战略行动,又有其自身的特点,日本在此次行动中还违反了二战前即已在国际上确立的一系列战争法规及准则。因此,日本作为这些"国际不法行为"的实施者,同样对中国国家、特别是受害者个人负有国家赔偿责任。

The ＂Tokyo Trial＂ in the 20th century determined that the Japanese government has a responsibility to compensate China and its nationals because Japan launched the war of aggression against China.From the perspective of the customary international law,the Bombing of Chongqing by the Japanese was special in that it violated a series of laws and rules of war acknowledged by the international community before the World War II.Consequently,owing to such ＂illegal international conducts＂ that Japan committed,Japan is liable for the national compensation for damages of China as well as Chinese victims especially.