九种杀菌剂对双孢蘑菇有害疣孢霉及其菌丝的毒力测定

Toxicity of Nine Fungicides to Mycelial Growth of Agaricus bisporus and Three Mycogone perniciosa Strains

采用生长速率法测定9种杀菌剂对蘑菇疣孢霉属(Mycogone)3个类型菌株和双孢蘑菇(Agaricusbisporus)菌丝的室内毒力。结果表明:不同杀菌剂对不同类型疣孢霉菌株和双孢蘑菇菌丝生长均具有不同程度的抑制作用,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ类菌株的最佳杀菌剂分别为氟硅唑(EC50=0.0058μg/mL)、咪鲜胺(EC50=0.0067μg/mL)、戊菌唑(EC50=0.0287μg/mL),双孢蘑菇菌丝对咪鲜胺(EC50=2.2526μg/mL)敏感性最小,综合分析,氟硅唑、咪鲜胺均适用于疣孢霉Ⅰ、Ⅱ类菌的防治,百菌清(EC50=0.0631μg/mL)可用于Ⅲ类菌防治。

Comparison of the effects of nine fungicides on the mycelial growth of Agaricus bisporus and three strains of Mycogone perniciosa （ I , Ⅱ , Ⅲ ） revealed significant differences in the levels of toxicity to the two fungi. Flusilazole, prochloraz and penconazole exhibited the highest toxicity towards M. perniciosa strains I, Ⅱ and Ⅲ, respectively with corresponding ECs0 values of 0. 006 μg/mL, 0. 007 μg/mL and 0. 029 μg/mL, whereas A. bisporus mycelium was least sensitive to penconazole （ECs0 = 2. 253 μg/mL）. Our data indicated that flusilazole and prochloraz would be the fungicides of choice for preventing contamination of the mushroom beds by M. perniciosa strains I and Ⅱrespectively, and chlorothalonil （EC50=0. 063μg/mL） for controlling M. perniciosa strain Ⅲ infections.