“海洋公共服务”概念厘定

The Conceptual Integration of Marine Public Service

随着海洋事业的发展,政府海洋管理的职能越来越宽泛,海洋公共服务的作用也越来越凸显。本文阐述了"海洋公共服务"概念产生的社会背景及其形成与发展过程,对"海洋公共服务"的内在机理作了深入分析,指出海洋公共服务应以建立服务型政府为目标,以公众海洋权利需求为导向;海洋公共服务的理念与价值是实现人海和谐,确保人民(主要是指沿海居民)共享海洋发展成果;海洋公共服务根据不同公共产品的非竞争性和非排他性程度分为纯海洋公共产品和准海洋公共产品;海洋公共服务的供给应建立在以政府为主体的基础上,发挥行业自治和公众参与的力量。

With the development of marine industry, the marine management functions of the government have become broader and broader and the role of marine public service has also become increasingly prominent. This article describes the social background of the concept of marine public service as well as its development process. With an in-depth analysis of its internal mechanism, it has been pointed out that the marine public service should target at creating a service-oriented government and fulfilling the demand of public marine rights. The idea and value of marine public service is to realize the harmony between human and ocean as well as ensure that people （mainly the coastal residents） enjoy the achievements of marine development. According to the non-competitive and non-exclusive degrees of various public products, the marine public services can be divided into pure marine public products and quasi-marine public products. Besides, the supply of marine public service should be mainly established on the efforts of the government, using the power of the industry self-government and public participation.