摘要
台湾四面环海，岛上平原有限，人口密集。土地资源宝贵但相当有限，海岸地区成为满足各种需求进一步发展的潜在地，并变成公私部门的抢手目标。但台湾海岸地区规划不善、使用不当，造成一连串问题，如自然海岸线流失、自然栖息地遭破坏、海洋生物资源减少等等。过度急速发展与不当使用导致台湾海岸地区面临严重威胁，所以台湾政府正致力于改善海岸管理。即便如此，还是有很多问题尚待解决。本文分析台湾海洋与海岸管理的背景与发展史，以理清海岸管理的思路，并使用海岸带综合管理原则来检视台湾海岸管理的架构。同时本文也检视海岸管理的进展、绩效以及问题，分析导致管理问题的诱因、障碍、未来发展的机会与威胁。本文最后根据欧洲的海岸管理原则和实践提出对海岸管理的建议。
Surrounded by sea waters, Taiwan is a densely populated island with only a few flat lands. Due to the scarcity and high value of available land, the coastal zone seems to provide potential sites to meet various needs of fur-ther development and to attract both public and private developers. However, coastal zones in Taiwan have not been well planned and used, resulting in prob-lems such as loss of natural coastline, destruction of natural habitats and de-cline of living marine resources. The coastal zones in Taiwan are under heavy pressures of rapid development and incompatible uses,leading the Taiwan au-thorities to have to devote efforts to improve coastal zone management. How-ever,a few problems still remain to be solved. Therefore,this study analyses the background and evolution of marine and coastal management in Taiwan to figure out the thread of coastal management. Next, the ICZM principles are used to examine the coastal management framework in Taiwan. The progress, performance and problems of coastal management are also analyzed to find drivers/triggers, obstacles, future opportunities, and future threats. Finally, suggestions are proposed according to principles and practices from Europe.
