电化学调控浮选能带模型及应用(Ⅲ)——有机抑制剂对硫化矿物能带结构的影响

Energy band model of electrochemical flotation and its application(Ⅲ) ——Effects of organic depressants on structure of sulphide minerals

用能带理论分析了电化学调控浮选模型 ,提出了采用有机抑制剂来改变矿物电子能级、实现硫化矿的浮选分离。研究了有机抑制剂对矿物抑制的两种电化学机理 :一是有机抑制剂增加了矿物费米能级 ,矿物电子向黄药的空能级传递 ,双黄药被还原 ;二是有机抑制剂降低了矿物边缘能级 ,从而导致矿物表面电子密度增大 ,黄药空能级被电子占据 ,双黄药被还原。开发了 5种电化学浮选分离新型有机抑制剂 ,实现了 8种人工混合精矿和3种矿石的浮选分离。

The model of electrochemical flotation was analyzed by means of energy band theory, a new viewpoint of electrochemical separation by using organic depressants to change energy band of minerals was proposed. There are two mechanisms of depressing sulphide minerals in the presence of organic depressants. One is to increase the Fermi level of minerals by organic depressant, which may lead the electrons transfer into unoccupied level of xanthate, as a result dixanthogen is reduced, such as the case of thioglycollic acid. The other is to lower the limited level of sulphide minerals, which may increase the electronic density of mineral surface, as a results the unoccupied levels of xanthate are occupied by electrons, and dixanthogen is reduced, as the case of sodium humate. Five new organic depressants for electrochemical separation were developed, eight artificial bulk concentrates were separated by use of new organic depressants and three sulphide ores were tested successfully.