德宏州柠檬园节肢动物种类调查

Survey on arthropod species in lemon orchards of Dehong Prefecture

【目的】明确德宏州柠檬产区柠檬园节肢动物种类及组成,为柠檬害虫综合防治提供科学依据。【方法】于2006年6月～2009年7月的春、夏、秋、冬四季采用肉眼观察法和网捕法,对德宏州柠檬产区19个柠檬园节肢动物种类进行调查。【结果】德宏州柠檬园中的节肢动物种类共计2纲11目50科92种,其中害虫共有2纲8目30科57种,天敌2纲6目16科29种,中性昆虫2纲2目6科6种。害虫类群以同翅目科、种所占比例最大,分别为30.00%和35.09%;天敌类群中以膜翅目的科和种所占比例最大,分别为43.75%和34.48%;中性类群主要属双翅目和蜚蠊目,其中双翅目的科和种所占比例最大,均高达83.33%。【结论】德宏州柠檬园节肢动物种类较多,以害虫的物种数和所占比例最大,天敌种类也较多,但数量较少,天敌还不能对害虫形成有效的控制,因此对柠檬园害虫防治仍以化学防治为主。

[Objective]The purpose of the study was to find out the arthropod species in lemon orchard of Dehong Prefecture and to provide scientific references for cumulative control on limiting lemon pests.[Method]From June 2006 to July 2009,arthropod species in 19 lemon orchards from Dehong-lemon-production area were investigated in every season for a year using visual observation method and net capturing method.[Result]The results showed that the arthropods have 2 classes,11 orders,50 families,and 92 species,among which detrimental insects have 2 classes,8 orders,30 families,and 57 species;beneficial insects have 2 classes,6 orders,6 families,and 29 species;lastly,neutral insects have 2 classes,2 orders,6 families,and 6 species.The number of families and species of homoptera occupied the largest proportion of the total number of families and species of injurious insects,which were 30.00% and 35.09%,respectively.The number of families and species for hymenoptera occupied the largest proportion in the total number of families and species of beneficial insects,which were 43.75% and 34.48%,respectively.Diptera and blattaria were the dominant species of neutral insects,and the number of families and species of diptera held the maximum ratio,in which both categories were as high as 83.33%.[Conclusion]Among the many kinds of arthropod in Dehong lemon orchards,detrimental insects were the dominant type of pests in terms of population number.Beneficial insects also had many species,but their quantity was too low to effectively control pests,so chemical control should be applied in lemon orchard.