西方学界的体育空间研究与体育地理学的构建

Research on Sport Space and Sport Geography of Contemporary Western Academic Circles

通过文献资料研究,梳理当代西方学界关于体育空间及相关问题的研究脉络。比较有代表性的有约瑟夫.马奎尔以英美等国的在地体育为例,论述了体育与空间和地方的关系;布迪厄则以法国为例,明确提到了一个体育场域的存在;约翰.贝尔则以现今文化地理学对于地景的处理方式,将体育地景视为一种人类体育化的文本。以他们为代表的当代西方学者,对体育空间的相关问题进行了广泛的研究。如果说"空间"是一个基础的、宽泛的概念,阐明了"体育存有"对时空的依赖,那么,"场域"就将"空间"内一个看不见的"社会关系"呈现在读者面前,"地景"则是对当代体育全新形态的一个全面概括。这些概念虽然不是来自同一学科背景,但共同的指向其实都是"体育存有"的空间问题。无论采用空间、场域,还是地方、地景的概念,研究者的焦点实际上都是关注体育空间里的"人"。解决了体育存有(sport being)的空间问题,不仅有助于体育地理学学科地位的确立,也有助于从更新的视角理解当代的体育存有。

The literature was reviewed to examine the academic research of contemporary West- ern academic circles. Which is more representative is that： Maguire, in the context of Britain and American, discussed the relationship between sports and space and place B ourdieu carried a clear reference to the existence of a sport field in the France context ~ John Bale adopted mod- em cultural geography landscape approach to review sport landscape as a text of human sport. They represented contemporary Western scholars, who had conducted extensive research issues related to the sport space. The ＂space＂ is a basic, broad concepts, clarify sport being on the spatial and temporal dimension ~ ＂field＂ displays a ＂social relationship＂ within ＂space＂, ＂land- scape＂ is a comprehensive overview of the new form of contemporary sport. These concepts do not come from the background of the same subject, but their common point is the issues of sport being space. Regardless of the concept of the space, field, or place, landscape, the focus of researchers is actually concerned about the ＂human being＂ in the sport space.