中国企业技术创新现状调查:特征、倾向与对策

A status survey on technology innovation of firms in China: Characteristics, tendencies,and countermeasures

了解和把握创新型企业技术创新的特征与倾向是创新政策制订的重要前提。运用客体法,对国家级创新型企业完成的突出技术创新项目进行全样本调查。从企业技术创新动机、创新类型、创新新颖度、创新经费支出、创新影响与效果等方面分析创新型企业技术创新的特征和倾向。调查结果表明,创新型企业作为一批产业创新领头企业已经呈现一些新的技术创新特征和倾向,如以市场需求驱动为主、创新类型以产品创新为主、以开发出新产品为第一目标、多数企业的创新新颖度达到国际市场新等,以及不同创新类型项目费用额度分布特点。同时还发现一些行业的企业对创新政策较不敏感,而其他一些却对创新政策较敏感等现象。基于此,提出了对创新政策制订与调整的几点启示。

Understanding and holding the development tendencies and characteristics of technology innovation for Innovation - o- riented Enterprises （IoEs） is an important precondition for adjusting and making innovation policies. A full sample questionnaire investigation on excellent technology innovation projects successfully finished by state - level IoEs is carried out based on object approach. Then the tendencies and characteristics of technology innovation for IoEs are analyzed in terms of innovation motiva- tion, type, novelty, expenditure, impact, and effect of firms. Some important conclusions that technology innovation activity of IoEs is mainly driven by market demand; the main innovative type is new product; first important target of technology innovation for firms is to develop a new product ; the innovative novelty of most IoEs is new on international market, as well as a distribution regularity of the expenditure quota for all kinds of innovative projects in IoEs are found. What＇ s more, it is also found that IoEs in some industries are not susceptible to the innovative policy, while others are more susceptible. Based on that, some suggestions for making and adjusting innovation policies are put forwards.