摘要
红曲菌(Monascus spp.)是我国重要的药食两用微生物资源之一,能够产生天然食品添加剂红曲色素、降血酯活性物质Monacolin K等有益次生代谢产物,但也能分泌真菌毒素桔霉素(Citrinin),红曲菌及其相关产品的安全性由此受到质疑。因此,如何促进红曲菌有益代谢产物的产生,减少或抑制桔霉素的产生成为广大科研工作者研究的重点方向。近年来,红曲菌的分子生物学研究有了较快的发展,红曲菌次生代谢产物生物合成及其调控的研究是热点。本文重点介绍红曲色素、Monacolin K和桔霉素生物合成途径及相关基因的研究进展,以期为有效调控红曲菌次生代谢产物的产生、提高红曲产品的安全性提供参考和借鉴。
Monascus spp., one of the important microbial resources both for food and medicine in China, can produce kinds of useful secondary metabolites, such as the natural food additive Monascus pigments, the cholesterol-lowering substance monacolin K and so on. Meanwhile, this genus also has the ability to secrete the mycotoxin citrinin, causing a safety risk to Monascus-related products. Therefore, how to promote the production of the useful metabo- lites and eliminate the production of citrinin has become a hot topic. Over the past decade, with the development and application of molecular biological approaches in Monascus spp., great efforts have been made to explore the basical knowledge about biosynthesis of secondary me- tabolites, and many genes involved in biosynthesis of Monascus pigments, monacolin K and citrinin have been identified and characterized. The latest achievements were summarized in this paper, in the purpose of providing potential approaches to manipulate and improve industrial Monascus strains efficiently.
出处
《微生物学通报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第2期294-303,共10页
Microbiology China
