儿童青少年心理病理评定中的父母-子女报告者差异探析

A Review on Discrepancies Between Parent-Child Reports of Children's Psychopathology

儿童、青少年心理病理研究中经常使用多报告者的评估方法。不同报告者间的评价差异导致了研究者分析、理解数据的困难,因此引发了针对这一问题的大量研究。研究发现子女的人口学特征、被评估问题的特征和家庭环境特征等均对报告者差异有显著影响。从报告者获取信息和认知的角度整合当前研究结果有利于对报告者差异的产生进行更深入的分析,相关因素通过影响信息获得和作答过程对报告者差异产生影响。目前缺乏对报告者差异的系统理解和理论框架,进一步分析报告者差异对相关研究设计、数据处理和临床实践有实际意义。

In research on children＇s psychopathology, multiple informants＇ report is a widely used method. Since discrepancies among informants bring difficulties to researchers in data analysis, more and more studies have been done to investigate the phenomenon. Researchers explored factors influencing the direction and magnitude of discrepancies from different areas, including demographic factors of children, types of target problems, characteristics of informants and their families. Deeper understanding of how the discrepancies generates can be got by connecting present findings to behavior observation and cognitive process of respondents, whose information gathering and questionnaire responding process may be influenced by different factors. Systemic understanding and theoretical framework for the generation of discrepancies are needed. Further researches on the informant discrepancy would be significant to research design, data analysis and clinical practice.