汉语背景下失歌症者对情绪词音调分辨能力的ERPs研究

Ability of Emotional Words' Tone Discrimination in Amusics with Mandarin Chinese:An ERPs Research

目的:探讨患有失歌症的汉语使用者其音高加工上的障碍是否延伸到了言语领域,情绪语义能否弥补其在言语音高知觉上的不足。方法:通过蒙特利尔失歌症成套测验(MBEA)筛选失歌症组被试20人和正常对照组被试22人,并采用ERPs技术进行言语刺激和非言语刺激语调分辨任务实验,以分析两组被试在音调分辨能力和电生理指标上的差异。结果:对照组对言语和非言语刺激的音调分辨能力都显著优于失歌症组,且无论是失歌症组还是对照组,其在言语刺激音调分辨任务中的表现都要优于在非言语刺激音调分辨任务中的表现。此外,两组被试仅在正慢波波幅上差异达边缘性显著,其他早期成分均无组间差异。失歌症组正慢波脑地形图表现为额-中央区右侧偏侧化,而对照组左右半球激活程度偏侧化不明显。结论:母语为汉语的失歌症者在音高感知上的障碍不仅体现在音乐领域,并已扩展到言语领域,而且情绪词义并不能弥补这种不足,无法帮助失歌症者对词语的音调进行正确的辨识与区分,但失歌症者并不存在听觉皮层的异常,其在音调分辨上的困难是由于其晚期心理认知资源投入过少而引起的。

Objective： The present study, by comparing amusics with matched controls, aimed to find out whether the deficit in music perception has already extended to speech in Chinese amusics, and whether emotional semantics could compensate this kind of disorder in pitch perception. Methods： 20 amusics and 22 controls were selected after MBEA. Then using event-related potential technique, we assessed whether the amusics of Mandarin Chinese had difficulties in discriminating the Chinese emotional words by analyzing the behavioral data and eleetrophysiological index. Results： Controis performed better in both speech and non-speech stimuli tonal discriminating tasks and both groups showed better in speech stimuli tonal discriminating task. Furthermore, the only difference between the two groups in tonal discriminating task occurred in positive slow wave. According to the scalp topography, amusics showed an asymmetry in the right frontalcentral region. Conclusion： Although Chinese amusics are familiar with tonal language, but their pitch perception disorder has extended to speech domain, while the emotional semantics cannot compensate the deficit in pitch perception. There is no dysfunction in auditory cortex in amusics, and their deficit in pitch perception is related to the lack of investment in cognitive resources.