性别刻板印象对个体注意偏好的影响:性别图式的调节作用

Effects of Gender Stereotypes on Attentional Bias:Moderating Role of Gender Schematicity

目的:考察性别图式在性别刻板印象对个体注意偏好影响中的调节作用。方法:从山东某高校抽取88名大学生,根据Bem性别角色量表筛选出性别图式化个体43人,非图式化个体34人,对比两组被试在点探测注意搜索任务中对性别刻板一致信息和不一致信息的注意偏好。结果:与性别刻板不一致信息相比,性别图式化个体更倾向于注意性别刻板一致信息;非图式化个体对性别刻板一致信息和不一致信息的注意偏好不存在显著差异。结论:性别图式化个体对性别刻板有关信息的注意偏好受性别刻板印象的影响,而非图式化个体对性别刻板有关信息的注意偏好不受性别刻板印象的影响,即性别图式在性别刻板印象对个体注意偏好的影响中起调节作用。

Objective： To investigate the effect of gender stereotypes on attentional bias and the moderating role of gender schematicity. Methods： A total of 88 college students were assessed with the Bem Sex Role Inventory and 43 gender schematic and 34 gender aschematic subjects were selected. Then the dot-probe task paradigm was used to examine the attentional bias of two groups to stereotype-consistent versus-inconsistent information. Results： For gender-schematic subjects, relatively greater attention was paid to stereotype-consistent than -inconsistent information; gender-aschematic subjects were not. Conclusion： The attentional bias of gender-schematic subjects is affected by gender stereotypes; none of these effects of gender stereotypes on attentional bias is found for gender-aschematics subjects. These results suggest a moderating role of gender schematicity in the influence of gender stereotypes on perceivers＇ attentional bias.