不同权力者人际敏感性的差异

Differences of Interpersonal Sensitivity Between High-power People and Low-power People

目的:探讨两种实验条件下不同权力者的人际敏感性差异。方法:实验一采用3(角色扮演启动权力:高权力组/低权力组/控制组)×2(性别:男/女)被试间实验设计对206名大学生进行人际敏感性测验。实验二对某企业91名高、低权力员工进行人际敏感性测验。结果:实验一:角色扮演的主效应显著,高权力组人际敏感性得分显著高于低权力组;性别的主效应、角色扮演和性别的交互效应均不显著。实验二:权力的主效应显著,高权力组人际敏感性得分显著高于低权力组得分;权力和个人权力感的交互作用接近显著,简单主效应显示,高个人权力感的高权力者人际敏感性显著高于高个人权力感的低权力者。结论:在角色扮演任务和实际工作情境中高权力者比低权力者更具有人际敏感性。

Objective： To explore the differences of interpersonal sensitivity between high-power people and low-power people in two experimental conditions. Methods： In Experiment, 1,206 college participants in either a high- or low-power position or control condition interacted; In Experiment 2, 91 enterprise employees was measured by empathic accuracy paradigm. Results： In Experiment 1, A 3（leaders, control vs. assistants）×2（male vs. female） ANOVA yielded a significant main effect on interpersonal sensitivity, with high-power people more interpersonally sensitive than low-power people. There was no significant gender main effect, and no significant interaction effect. In Experiment 2, A 2 （high-power vs. low-power）×2（male vs. female）×2（high-personal sense of power vs. lowpersonal sense of power） ANOVA showed a significant main effect on interpersonal sensitivity, with high-power people more interpersonally sensitive than low-power people. There was edge significant interaction effect between power and personal sense of power. Conclusion： High-power individuals are more interpersonally sensitive than low-power individuals in the role-playing and in real life.