SCWR候选不锈钢的低周疲劳性能研究

Study on Low-Cycle Fatigue Property of Candidate Stainless Steels for SCWR

采用MTS材料试验机研究316Ti、347和HR3C奥氏体不锈钢在650℃和室温下±0.5%应变幅的低周疲劳性能,并采用扫描电镜对试验后样品进行断口分析。结果表明,347和HR3C不锈钢在室温下疲劳寿命较高,347不锈钢在650℃疲劳寿命也较高。3种材料在两种温度下的弹性变形量均在0.1%～0.15%之间,且滞后回线面积变化不大,这表明弹性变形量与疲劳寿命高低无直接联系。3种材料在两种温度下呈现出不同的循环硬化/饱和行为,316Ti不锈钢的650℃峰值应力与室温峰值应力无明显变化,而HR3C和347不锈钢的差别较大,但316Ti不锈钢的650℃循环硬化效应显著,347不锈钢的硬化效应较低。在650℃低周疲劳试验后,347不锈钢样品断口表面的疲劳条带间距仅为1.87μm,而对于316Ti和HR3C不锈钢则分别达到4.67μm和3.0μm,进一步表明347不锈钢在650℃的疲劳寿命最高。

Low cyclic fatigue property of three austenitic stainless steels （316Ti, 347 and HR3C） as candidate materials for SCWR was investigated at room temperature（RT） and 650℃ under a strain amplitude of ± 0.5%, and fracture morphology of all the samples was observed by scanning electron microscope（SEM）. The results showed that, at both temperatures the fatigue life of 347 was best and 316Ti worst. For each material, the area of hysteresis was nearly the same in the two temperatures. The elastic deformation was 0.1%-0.15% both at RT and 650℃ for the three materials with different fatigue lives, indicating it had no direct connection with fatigue life. There was different cyclic hardening/saturation behavior for each material. The maximum/minimum stress of either HR3C or 347 was quite different at the two temperatures, while of 316Ti was almost the same. The cyclic hardening behavior was more remarkable in 316Ti compared with 347 at 650℃. SEM observation found that the fatigue striation width was only 1.87 gm for 347, but up to 4.67 grn and 3.0 gm for 316Ti and HR3C respectively, which further demonstrated that 347 had the best fatigue property at 650℃.