高比表面积多孔淀粉制备和改性及在水处理中的应用

Preparation of high specific surface area porous starch and its modification applied to water treatment

采用溶胶-凝胶法成功制备出高比表面积多孔淀粉,并探讨原淀粉种类、悬浮液浓度、聚乙二醇添加剂量和干燥方式等因素对制备出的多孔淀粉比表面积的影响。结果表明,在可溶性淀粉质量分数为15%、聚乙二醇4 g、采用冷冻干燥方式条件下,获得最大比表面积为96 m2/g的多孔淀粉。在多孔淀粉的基础上,制备了多孔淀粉黄原酸酯,并初步考察了其对Pb2+的吸附性能。多孔淀粉进行交联、醚化和胺化改性,制备了多孔胺化淀粉,并简单研究了其对AG25染料分子的吸附情况。

Sol-gel method has been used for preparing high specific surface area porous starch successfully. The effects of the species of original starch, concentration of suspending liquid, dosage of polyethylene glycol, method for drying process, etc. on the preparation of specific surface area porous starch are discussed. The results show that the biggest specific surface area of porous starch obtained is 96 mZ/g. under the following conditions：the dosage of soluble starch as raw material is 15%, polyethylene glycol 4 g, and by vacuum freezing and drying method. Based on porous starch, porous starch xanthate is prepared and its adsorption capacity for Pb2＋ is investigated preliminarily. By means of the modification of crosslinking, etherification and amination, porous amination starch is prepared. Also, the removing rate of AG25 dye molecules is studied briefly.