首发精神分裂症患者空间旋转的认知功能

Preliminary Study on Spatial Rotation Cognitive Function of Patients with Schizophrenia

目的探讨首发精神分裂症患者与健康被试空间旋转认知功能的差异。方法对30例精神分裂症患者和28名健康志愿者进行空间旋转任务测定。测量其错误率、正像反应率和反应时。结果①与对照组相比,患者组正镜像错误率均显著升高（正像：t=4.12,P〈0.05;镜像：t=4.63;P〈0.05）;正像反应率显著升高（t=3.60,P〈0.05）,正镜像反应时均显著降低（正像：t=3.65,P〈0.05;镜像：t=3.48,P〈0.05）;②两组正像错误率、反应时都在0°~180°呈线性递增,而镜像是非线性的。结论首发精神分裂症患者空间旋转认知功能受损,其镜像严重受损;提示正像旋转采用表象线性加工机制,镜像采用整字-成分加工机制。

Objective To explore the difference of spatial rotation cognitive function between patients with schizophrenia and healthy people.Methods A total of 30 patients with schizophrenia（15 male and 15 female）and 28 healthy participants（14 male and 14 female）were tested to make mental rotation tasks with the letter F and R graphics.Their error rate,normal reaction rate and reaction time were recorded.Results ①Compared with the normal control group,the error rate in schizophrenia was significantly higher（normal：t=4.12,P0.05;mirror：t=4.63,P0.05）,the normal reaction rate was significantly higher（t=3.60,P0.05）,and the reaction time was significantly shorter（normal：t=3.65,P0.05;mirror：t=3.48,P0.05）.②The two groups＇ normal error rate and normal reaction time presented linear increasing from 0° to 180°,but the function curve of mirror was nonlinear.Conclusion The spatial rotation cognitive function is impaired in patients with schizophrenia,and the cognitive function in the mirror is seriously impaired,and hinting that just as normal rotation adopts linear processing mechanism by rotating representation,mirror rotation adopts the whole word-component processing mechanism.