精神分裂症患者述情障碍与共情缺陷的相关性

Correlation between Alexithymia and Empathic Deficits of Schizophrenia

目的探讨精神分裂症患者的述情障碍与共情缺陷特征及其相关性。方法采用单纯随机对照研究,将170例符合国际疾病分类第10版(ICD-10)诊断标准的精神分裂症患者作为研究组,并随机选取170名正常健康者为对照组。采用多伦多述情障碍量表(TAS)和人际反应指针量表(IRI-C)分别对两组进行测评。结果研究组TAS总分及各项因子分高于对照组(t=31.57,48.05,27.17,8.35;P<0.05);IRI-C总分及各项因子分低于对照组(t=23.90,17.87,10.38,16.15,27.14;P<0.05);研究组TAS总分、因子2与IRI-C的总分、想象力因子和共情性关心因子呈负相关(r=-0.210^-0.548,P<0.05);TAS的因子1和IRI-C的总分及各因子呈负相关(r=-0.186^-0.354,P<0.05);TAS的因子3与观点采择、个人痛苦因子呈正相关(r=0.182,0.391;P<0.05),与想象力、共情性关心呈负相关(r=-0.286,-0.454;P<0.05)。结论精神分裂症患者存在述情障碍和共情缺陷,且述情障碍与共情缺陷存在一定的相关性,述情障碍越明显,共情缺陷越严重。

Objective To explore the features of alexithymia and empathic deficits of schizophrenia and their relationship.Methods This study adopted randomized controlled design.170 patients with schizophrenia met the diagnostic criteria of the 10th Edition of International Classification of Disease（ICD-10）were taken as research group.170 health adults were taken as control group randomly.Assessments were conducted with the Interpersonal Reactivity Index-C（IRI-C）and the Toronto Alexithymia Scale（TAS）in the two groups.Results In the TAS,the total score and all factor scores of research group were higher than those of control group（t=31.57,48.05,27.17,8.35,Ps0.05）.Compared the IRI-C between the two groups,the total scores and all factor scores of research group were higher than those of control group（t=23.90,17.87,10.38,16.15,27.14;Ps0.05）.In correlated analysis,in schizophrenia,total score and factor 2 of TAS were negatively correlated with the total score,fantasy and empathy concern factor of IRI-C（r=-0.210^-0.548;Ps0.05）;factor 1 of TAS was negatively correlated with the total score and all the factors of IRI-C（r=-0.186^-0.354,Ps0.05）;factor 3 of TAS was positively correlated with perspective taking and individual distress factor of IRI-C（r=0.182,0.391;Ps0.05）,negatively correlated with imagination,empathy concern（r-0.286,-0.454;P0.05）.Conclusion Alexithymia and empathic deficits exist in schizophrenia.There are some correlations between the alexithymia and the empathic deficits in schizophrenia.Alexithymia is more obvious,empathy deficits is more serious.